1. Plantae
  2. Tracheophyta
  3. Magnoliopsida
  4. Aquifoliales
  5. Aquifoliaceae
  6. Ilex
  7. Ilex aquifolium
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Ilex aquifolium L.

species
Accepted
Name authority: GBIF Backbone Taxonomy

English Holly

Online Resources

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Names and sources

Accepted Name Source
Ilex aquifolium L.
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:L. (1753). In: Sp. Pl.: 125.
Synonym Source
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-pectinata-major T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 741 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. fructu-albo Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Arb. Brit. 2: 509 (1838)
Ilex aquifolium f. frivaldskyana Loes. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 78: 262 (1901)
Ilex aquifolium var. albomarginata Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 508.
Ilex aquifolium var. laucifolia T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 812.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-latifolia T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Aquifolium ilex Scop. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Scop. (1772). In: Fl. Carniol. Ed. 2, 1: 116.
Ilex aquifolium var. foxii T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-pendula T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 741 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-marginata T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:(1940). In: 431, Nom. Inval.
Ilex aquifolium var. obscura T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1875). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 4: 741.
Ilex aquifolium var. trapeziformis T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 812.
Ilex perado subsp. iberica (Loes.) S.Andrews synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Andrews, S. (1984). In: Kew Bull. 39: 152.
Ilex aquifolium var. pendula-aurea-picta C.Pynaert synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 168: 101 (1893)
Ilex aquifolium var. dipirena Laurentius synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Laurentius. (1868). In: Nursery Cat. (Laurentius’schen Gärtnerei) 40: 42.
Ilex aquifolium f. pyramidalis Schelle synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 287 (1903)
Ilex perado var. iberica Loes. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loes. (1901). In: Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 78: 247.
Ilex aquifolium var. ferox-aurea Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Arb. Brit. 2: 509 (1838)
Ilex aquifolium var. angustifolia Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 507.
Ilex aquifolium var. platyphylla Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3.
Ilex aquifolium var. compacta T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 520.
Ilex aquifolium var. albolineata T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1875). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 4: 687.
Ilex aquifolium f. aureomarginata Beissn. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex ciliata A.Vilm. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:A. Vilm. (1860). In: Bon Jard. 1860: 1173.
Aquifolium lanceolatum Raf. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Raf. (1838). In: Sylva Tellur.: 44.
Ilex aquifolium var. maderensis Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-lucida T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 741 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. ciliata-minor Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 507.
Ilex aquifolium var. pendula-alba-marginata C.Pynaert synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 168: 101 (1893)
Ilex ciliata Koehne synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex aquifolium var. doningtonensis T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 687.
Ilex aquifolium var. rotundifolia Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 4.
Ilex aquifolium var. nobilis Laurentius synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Laurentius. (1868). In: Nursery Cat. (Laurentius’schen Gärtnerei) 40: 42.
Ilex aquifolium var. perryana-major T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium f. ferox (Aiton) C.K.Schneid. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 163 (1907)
Ilex aquifolium var. balearica T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 751.
Aquifolium planifolium Raf. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Raf. (1838). In: Sylva Tellur.: 44.
Ilex balearica Desf. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Desf. (1809). In: Hist. Arbr. France 2: 262.
Ilex ferox Aiton ex Steud. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Aiton ex Steud. (1840). In: Nom. Ed. II. 1: 802.
Ilex aquifolium var. grandifolia T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 433.
Ilex aquifolium var. barcinonae Pau synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Pau. (1922). In: Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 32.
Ilex aquifolium var. nitida Merrem synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Merrem. (1809). In: 61.
Ilex aquifolium var. wiseana T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1875). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 4: 687.
Ilex aquifolium var. marginata Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 507.
Ilex aquifolium var. echinata (Mill.) Münchh. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Münchh. (1770). In: 180.
Ilex maderensis Willd. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol., Suppl.: 8 (1814)
Ilex ×camelliifolia (K.Koch) Carrière synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Rev. Hort. (Paris) 59: 234 (1887)

Originally found in sources as synonym of Ilex ×altaclerensis (Loudon) Dallim.
Ilex vulgaris Gray synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gray. (n.d.). In: Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 491 (1821 Publ. 1822), Nom. Superfl.
Ilex aquifolium var. ciliata Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 507.
Ilex aquifolium f. integrifolia Nolte homotypic synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex aquifolium var. heterophylla Aiton synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Aiton. (1789). In: Hort. Kew. 1: 169.
Ilex aquifolium f. albopicta (Loudon) Geerinck synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Taxonomaniac 1: 12 (2001)
Aquifolium ferox (Aiton) Mill. ex Raf. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Mill. (1838). In: Sylva Tellur. 44.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-regina T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. polymorpha Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 4.
Ilex aquifolium f. aureopicta (Loudon) Geerinck synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Taxonomaniac 1: 12 (2001)
Ilex aquifolium var. hendersonii T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Ilex aquifolium var. fructu-luteo Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Arb. Brit. 2: 509 (1838)
Ilex aquifolium var. bacciflavum Weston synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Weston. (1775). In: Engl. Fl.: 17.
Ilex aquifolium f. argenteomarginata Beissn. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex aquifolium var. elegans Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3.
Ilex aquifolium var. pendula-aurea-marginata C.Pynaert synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 168: 101 (1893)
Ilex aquifolium var. hastata T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 687.
Ilex crassifolia Aiton homotypic synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex sempervirens Salisb. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Salisb. (1796). In: Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 70.
Ilex aquifolium subsp. laetevirens Sennen Exsicc. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex aquifolium var. ovata T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Ilex aquifolium var. canadensis Göpp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3 (1852)
Ilex aquifolium var. scotica T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 812.
Ilex aquifolium var. fructu-nigro Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Arb. Brit.: 159 (1842)
Ilex aquifolium f. bacciflavum (Weston) Rehder synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 399 (1949)
Ilex aquifolium var. alcicornis T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 433.
Ilex aquifolium f. heterophylla (Aiton) synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Monogr. Aquifol. 1: 268 (1901)
Ilex aquifolium var. lineata T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Ilex fischeri Carrière synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Carrière. (1887). In: Rev. Hortic. 59: 43.
Ilex aquifolium var. belgica T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 433.
Ilex aquifolium var. senescens Gaudin synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gaudin. (1828). In: Fl. Helv. 1: 462.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-elegantissima T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex ferox Aiton homotypic synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex canadensis Decne. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex aquifolium var. revoluta Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3.
Ilex aquifolium var. pendula Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1842). In: Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 1113.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-marginata-major T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. serratifolia Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1829). In: Encycl. Pl.: 158.
Ilex aquifolium var. aureomarginata Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 508.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-pectinata-minor T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 741 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. ciliata-major T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Ilex aquifolium var. ferox Aiton synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Aiton. (1789). In: Hort. Kew. 1: 169.
Ilex crassifolia Aiton ex Steud. heterotypic synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Aiton ex Steud. (1840). In: Nomencl. Bot., Ed. 2, 1: 802.
Ilex aquifolium var. bicolor T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1875). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 4: 687.
Aquifolium ferox (Aiton) Mill. homotypic synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex aquifolium var. aureopicta Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 509.
Ilex aquifolium var. crispa Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 507.
Ilex nigricans (Goepp.) A.Henry synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Henry, A. (1913). In: Elwes & Henry, Trees Great Britain 7: 1714.
Aquifolium spinosum Moench synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moench. (1794). In: 72.
Ilex aquifolium var. variegata Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 508.
Ilex aquifolium var. furcata Laurentius synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Laurentius. (1868). In: Nursery Cat. (Laurentius’schen Gärtnerei) 40: 42.
Ilex aquifolium var. heterophylla Borkh. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Borkh. (1803). In: 1016.
Ilex aquifolium var. serratifolia-albomarginata T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 741 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. arbutifolia T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Aquifolium undulatum Raf. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Raf. (1838). In: Sylva Tellur. 44.
Ilex aquifolium var. nigra T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 433.
Ilex aquifolium var. tortuosa T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 812.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-medio-picta T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 688 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. monstrosa Göpp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3 (1852)
Ilex platyphylla Booth heterotypic synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Booth. (n.d.). In: Fl. Des Serres, Ser. I. 9: 184 (1853 Publ. 1854).
Ilex aquifolium var. crassifolia Borkh. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Borkh. (1803). In: 1017.
Ilex aquifolium var. thunbergiana Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3.
Ilex aquifolium var. whittingtonensis T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 687.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-purpurea T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 741 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. elliptica T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 520.
Aquifolium heterophyllum Raf. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Raf. (1838). In: Sylva Tellur. 44.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-erecta T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 741 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. fructu-aurantiaco T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 2: 520 (1874)
Ilex echinata Mill. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Mill. (1768). In: Gard. Dict. Ed. VIII. No. 2.
Ilex aquifolium var. carnola Göpp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3 (1852)
Ilex aquifolium f. integrifolia Nolte ex Loes. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Monogr. Aquifol. 1:269. 1901
Ilex aquifolium var. crassifolia Aiton synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Aiton. (1789). In: Hort. Kew. 1: 169.
Ilex aquifolium var. heterophyllum Rchb. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Rchb. (1831). In: Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 433.
Aquifolium vulgare St.-Lag. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:St.-Lag. (1880). In: Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 128.
Ilex aquifolium var. acanthos Münchh. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Münchh. (1770). In: 180.
Ilex myrtifolia var. aureomaculata Van Geert synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Van Geert. (1875). In: Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 73: Xxi.
Ilex aquifolium var. myrtifolia Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 4.
Ilex aquifolium var. recurva Aiton synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Aiton. (1789). In: Hort. Kew. 1: 169.
Ilex aquifolium var. hybrida T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 520.
Ilex aquifolium f. argentea-marginata (T.Moore) Schelle synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 288 (1903)
Ilex aquifolium f. arbutifolia (T.Moore) Loes. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 78: 261 (1901)
Ilex aquifolium var. rigida T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 433.
Ilex aquifolium var. albopicta Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Arb. Brit. 2: 508 (1838)
Ilex aquifolium var. laurifolia Lej. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Lej. (1825). In: Rev. Fl. Spa: 38.
Aquifolium spinosum Lam. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Lam. (1779). In: Fl. Franc. 3: 652.
Ilex aquifolium var. beetii T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 520.
Ilex aquifolium var. buxifolia Borkh. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Borkh. (1803). In: 1016.
Ilex aquifolium var. algarviensis Chodat synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Chodat. (1909). In: Excurs. Bot. Espagne Port.: 81.
Ilex aquifolium var. calamistrata Göpp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3 (1852)
Ilex aquifolium var. handsworthensis T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 520.
Ilex aquifolium var. fisheri T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 520.
Ilex aquifolium var. magnifica T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 812.
Ilex aquifolium var. ferox-argentea Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Arb. Brit. 2: 509 (1838)
Ilex aquifolium var. longifolia-maculata T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-stricta T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-varians T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. vulgaris Aiton synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Hort. Kew. 1: 169 (1789)
Ilex aquifolium var. opaca Merrem heterotypic synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Merrem. (1809). In: 61.
Ilex aquifolium var. balearica (Desf.) Loes. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loes. (1901). In: Monogr. Ilex: 501.
Ilex aquifolium var. nigricans Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3.
Ilex aquifolium f. pendula (Loudon) Schelle synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 287 (1903)
Ilex aquifolium var. laetevirens Sennen synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.): n.° 4722
Aquifolium croceum Raf. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Raf. (1838). In: Sylva Tellur. 44.
Ilex camelliifolia (K.Koch) A.Henry synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Henry, A. (1913). In: Elwes & Henry, Trees Great Britain 7: 1714.
Ilex citriocarpa Murr synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Murr. (1912). In: Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 18: 161.
Ilex aquifolium var. nigrescens T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Ilex aquifolium var. microphylla T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 752.
Ilex aquifolium var. camelliifolia K.Koch synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Dendrologie 2(1): 210 (1872)

Originally found in sources as synonym of Ilex ×altaclerensis (Loudon) Dallim.
Ilex aquifolium var. latispina Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 3.
Ilex aquifolium var. virens T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 813.
Ilex aquifolium subsp. pendula-variegata Van Geert synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 45: 59 (1858)
Ilex aquifolium var. chrysocarpa Loes., 1901 synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Ilex aquifolium var. integrifolia Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 4.
Ilex aquifolium var. argentea-longifolia T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 687 (1875)
Ilex aquifolium var. senencens Gaudin synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Fl. Helv. 1: 462 (1828)
Ilex aquifolium var. smithiana T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 520.
Ilex aquifolium var. ingramii T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1875). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 4: 741.
Ilex chrysocarpa Wender. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Wender. (1828). In: Index Seminum (MB, Marburgensis) 1828: 3.
Ilex aquifolium var. atrovirens T.Moore synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Moore, T. (1874). In: Gard. Chron., n.s. 2: 751.
Ilex aquifolium var. latifolia Loudon synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Loudon. (1838). In: Arb. Brit. 2: 507.
Ilex balearica var. cordata Goepp. synonym
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Goepp. (1852). In: Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1852: 4.
Common Name Source
English Holly
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:GRIN Taxonomy
English Holly United States
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species - Alaska, United States (ver.2.0, 2022)
English Holly United States
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species - Hawaii, United States (ver.2.0, 2022)
English Holly
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN)
English Holly United States
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species - United States (Contiguous) (ver.2.0, 2022)
English Holly
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:NCBI Taxonomy
Holly
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Brazilian Flora 2020 project - Projeto Flora do Brasil 2020
Holly Belgium
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Belgian Species List
Holly
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Holly
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:GRIN Taxonomy
Holly
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Kristtorn
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Kristtorn
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Kristtorn
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Gewöhnliche Stechpalme German Germany
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Taxon list of vascular plants from Bavaria, Germany compiled in the context of the BFL project
Gewöhnliche Stechpalme German
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:GRIN Taxonomy
Hülse German
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:GRIN Taxonomy
Stechpalme German Belgium
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Belgian Species List
Stechpalme German
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:EUNIS Biodiversity Database
Houx French
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN)
Houx French Belgium
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Belgian Species List
Houx Commun French
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:GRIN Taxonomy
Houx Commun French
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN)
Almindelig Kristorn Danish Denmark
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:National checklist of all species occurring in Denmark
Azevinho Portuguese
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Azevinho Portuguese
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Brazilian Flora 2020 project - Projeto Flora do Brasil 2020
Beenwedd Norwegian
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Beenwedd Norwegian
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Beenwedd Norwegian
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Celyn Welsh
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Celyn Welsh
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Celyn Cyffredin Welsh
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Celynnen Welsh
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Celynnen Welsh
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Cuileann Scottish Gaelic
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Cuilinn Scottish Gaelic
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:United Kingdom Species Inventory (UKSI)
Hulst Dutch
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Checklist Dutch Species Register - Nederlands Soortenregister
Hulst Dutch Belgium
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Belgian Species List
Järnek Swedish
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:GRIN Taxonomy
Järnek Swedish Sweden
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:The Swedish Red List 2020
Järnek Swedish Sweden
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Järnek Swedish Sweden
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic Crop Wild Relative (CWR) Checklist
Kristtorn Danish Denmark
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:National checklist of all species occurring in Denmark
Kristtorn Norwegian Nynorsk Norway
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic Crop Wild Relative (CWR) Checklist
Kristtorn Danish Denmark
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic Crop Wild Relative (CWR) Checklist
Kristtorn Swedish Sweden
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:The Swedish Red List 2020
Kristtorn Swedish Sweden
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Kristtorn Norwegian Bokmål Norway
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic Crop Wild Relative (CWR) Checklist
Közönséges Magyal Hungarian
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:DAISIE - Inventory of alien invasive species in Europe
Mar-Torn Norwegian
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Mar-Torn Norwegian
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg
Mar-Torn Norwegian
  • GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Published in:Nordic plant uses from Gunnerus and Høeg

Classification

kingdom
Plantae
phylum
Tracheophyta
class
Magnoliopsida
order
Aquifoliales
family
Aquifoliaceae
genus
Ilex
species
Ilex aquifolium
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Genbank

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Porijeklo vrste

Zavičajna vrsta

  Da
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Strogo zaštićena Anonymous2016y

Ugroženost

IUCN ID

  202963

Globalna kategorija ugroženosti

 LC
Nacionalna kategorija ugroženosti Biološka populacija Geografska populacija
LC - Najmanje zabrinjavajuća , B2 razmnožavajuća

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